What is Greenhouse Gases (GHGs)?
Gases that trap heat in the atmosphere, contributing to global warming. The main greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), nitrous oxide (N₂O), and fluorinated gases. The Kyoto Protocol identifies seven GHGs for reporting purposes.
Why it matters
Reporting frameworks require businesses to account for all relevant GHGs, not just CO₂. Methane from refrigeration leaks or nitrous oxide from agricultural supply chains can be significant contributors. Overlooking non-CO₂ gases leads to underreported footprints and weaker reduction plans.
Example
A food distributor discovers that refrigerant leaks from its cold storage units contribute 15% of its total emissions, despite being invisible in energy bills. Switching to low-GWP refrigerants becomes a priority reduction action.
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